# Sunday, March 21, 2010

I own 2 dedicated video cameras. My first true digital video camera was the Sony SR60.

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I got it because at that time I knew as a father I would WANT to have something that can record proper video. And that the SR60 was pretty much the first camera I knew that was spitting out VBR MPEG2 files that I could just easily copy off the camera and manipulate. I definetly DIDN'T want to deal with tape, and I didn't want to deal with direct DVD cameras as well since I knew my videos final destination is the computer and NOT a DVD player.

My other video camera is the Creative Vado.

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I grabbed it because I realized the need for a dedicated compact video device which I might want to carry around easily in my pockets. And I have used the Vado in EXTREME situations, I've taped it to a paintball gun before and I've also used it when I went for the SkyTrex experience, it's small size makes it easy for me to consider carry it wherever the need arises. While video is of usable quality, the mic pickup left a lot to be desired.

So I've bought tickets for a legendary musical event next month. And they WELCOME video recordings of their show, and I plan to make FULL USE of that invitation. But I don't know how thrill the venue people might be at the sight of a camera, so I thought about bringing the Vado, but considering that the Vado's audio pickup sucks and I couldn't afford stage side seats, I'd have to bring the SR60 then. But then I told myself, well... it's been awhile since I got the SR60, and there's this whole HD thing going on now. Why don't I indulge and take the opportunity to find a HD camera. I didn't want to spend too much on a pro grade video camera cause it's not like there's a reason I need CRYSTAL CLEAR video, so I was actually thinking of the Creative Vado HD 2nd Gen since from some sample videos it seemed to have better audio pickup.

Then I found this today...

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This is the Sony CX-150, yes... I just bought YET ANOTHER Sony camera. This has EXTRA impact when I say it because nearly all (with the exception of the Creative Vado up there) of my Digital Cameras which I have used throughout my life HAS BEEN A SONY! Their cameras just have that extra something which I prefer I guess. So why did I pickup another full blown handy cam instead of my initial mini cam idea? Because the CX-150 is SMALL.

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It's almost as long as the SR60 but the CX150 is much thinner, the only reason it is as thick as it is seems to be to accommodate the lens assembly. Another reason why I choose this over a mini cam is that this is a FULL BLOWN video camera, means it comes with all the frills of a proper video camera ie. Decent audio pickup and OPTICAL ZOOM capability. So I don't sacrifice performance for size with the CX150. And for those of you complaining that it ain't THAT small. Well my definition of portable is that I can stick it into my Dockers Mobile Pant's pocket. ;)

The reason the CX150 can be so small is because it uses Sony Memory Stick Pro DUO (!) or SD HC (phew... class 4 and above only though) media cards for writing it's video to.

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But the camera doesn't come with any card because (as you could see in the first photo) it has an onboard flash memory of 16GB. Pretty decent, but it can only hold about 85 minutes on the camera's HIGHEST (it's some weird 1920x1080 24Mbps video, I say weird because it talks about video compatibility issues with hardware players when you switch to that setting) quality setting. Dropping the quality down one notch gives you 115 minutes, and dropping down another notch gives you 230 minutes. At the lowest setting the onboard memory can hold 6 hours worth of video.

But you wouldn't need to worry about that too much since the bundled battery...

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Is good for about 125 minutes of continous recording time, LESS if you zoom in and cause it to auto focus during the recording of course. I guess I can force more usage time by turning off the screen during recording.

There's nothing much to talk about the design of the CX150, it's your typical fold out video camera design.

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There's really nothing much to say about it. I do need to comment on one thing though. Even though the CX150 is very light, at no time does it feel CHEAP. In your hands it feels like a solid well made gadget. Wish Fujitsu paid attention to this detail when they were making the UH900.

One welcomed change from the SR60 is the fact that the CX150 has all important connection points on the camera itself. The power and analog video sockets on on the right.

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Where as the STANDARD mini USB and HDMI connectors are on the left.

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They didn't use any flimsy or removable rubber flaps to cover the ports, they made actual doors! I like this because my main gripe with the SR60 was that if I wanted to get files off the camera, not only did I needed to bring the docking station where the mini USB connector was. I also needed to bring the power adapter cause the SR60 won't power up without it! The CX150 has no problems acting as a mass storage drive when connected to the PC without the adapter. Though I don't think it actually draws any power from the USB port so if it's battery is dead you won't be able to connect it to your computer.

One welcome feature that DIDN'T change from my SR60 is the lens.

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The CX150's lens design and heck.. I think the lens itself! Remains the same as the SR60. This means that the old wide angle lens I got for the SR60 fits like a dream on the CX150.

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Obviously image quality suffers, but it's not like I care anyway I just want to be able to capture WZ when he's standing right in front of the camera! :P There is one little change to how the lens works though. The lens cover has to be MANUALLY opened and closed by a switch on the side

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The SR60's lens cover was automatic, so I now need to remember to close the cover or risk lens damage!

I'll upload some video once I have more time to work on it (I managed to capture the Putrajaya Hotair Balloon Fireworks Display!) But I'd have to say the CX150 is a medium quality HD camera, so it can't hold a light to the video quality of higher end cameras. But I don't mind because I'm happy with the performance vs size that I'm getting.

Here's some advice to all of you planning to get a HD video camera.

  • HD files are HUGE! For example, at the highest quality setting 27 seconds of video resulted in a 75MB file.
  • Dealing with HD files are a NON TRIVIAL operation. Your computer might not have the right video codecs to decode the file, and even if you DID have the right video codecs, decoding H.264 requires a pretty beefy system, or a codec that performs very well.

I don't think I'll upload any FULL SIZED sample video (30 secs already = 75MB, I'd think I'd go over most 100MB limits). Just likely edit it and throw it up to YouTube.

Sunday, March 21, 2010 1:35:50 AM (Malay Peninsula Standard Time, UTC+08:00)  #    Comments [0]  | 
# Friday, March 19, 2010

I needed to resize an image in Silverlight and then save it out as a JPEG. I could have just used a transform on it then rendered it to a WriteableBitmap but the transforms were optimized for realtime performance and doesn't work too well when you need to maintain quality.

I stumbled upon a Bicubic Resize code in a library called AForge.Net and it was in C#, so it was simple enough for me to convert it to VB for me to use it in Silverlight. And since I DIDN'T find a lot of Bicubic Interpolation .Net resize code on the net, I'm gonna just put this copy up here.

As a bonus I kept on my comments in so you guys can see what was going through my head as I was working my way through the code.

Bicubic Interpolation
''' <summary>
  ''' Bicubically resize the src bitmap to the dest bitmap
  ''' </summary>
  ''' <param name="src"></param>
  ''' <param name="dest">Destination Bitmap, should be initialized to the requested size.</param>
  ''' <remarks>Original Source For This Function - http://www.codeproject.com/KB/recipes/aforge.aspx</remarks>    
  Sub Resize(ByVal src As Imaging.WriteableBitmap, ByVal dest As Imaging.WriteableBitmap)

      Dim startTime As DateTime = Now


      Dim srcwidth As Integer = src.PixelWidth
      Dim srcHeight As Integer = src.PixelHeight

      Dim destWidth As Integer = dest.PixelWidth
      Dim destHeight As Integer = dest.PixelHeight

      Dim xFactor As Double = srcwidth / destWidth
      Dim yFactor As Double = srcHeight / destHeight

      'Coordinates of src points and  coefficients.. WTF?
      Dim ox, oy, dx, dy, k1, k2 As Double
      Dim ox1, oy1, ox2, oy2 As Integer

      'new color values
      Dim r, g, b As Double

      Dim xmax As Integer = srcwidth - 1
      Dim ymax As Integer = srcHeight - 1

      For y As Integer = 0 To destHeight - 1
          'this is getting the original Y pixel if I'm not mistaken
          oy = y * yFactor - 0.5F
          'WHY is this necessary?
          oy1 = oy
          'WTF? It's getting the FRACTIONAL difference between
          'oy and oy1?
          dy = oy - oy1


          For x As Integer = 0 To destWidth - 1
              'same WTF as with the Y values,
              'maybe will make more sense later?
              ox = x * xFactor - 0.5F
              ox1 = ox
              dx = ox - ox1

              r = 0
              g = 0
              b = 0


              'this loop is to gather the interpolated
              'values of 2 pixels surrounding the current one
              For n As Integer = -1 To 2
                  'this gets the Y coefficient

                  k1 = BicubicKernel(dy - n)

                  'this seems to be getting the new
                  'Y pixel where the interpolated
                  'value comes from
                  oy2 = oy1 + n

                  'this is to ensure we're in the right spot
                  If oy2 < 0 Then
                      oy2 = 0
                  ElseIf oy2 > ymax Then
                      oy2 = ymax
                  End If

                  For m As Integer = -1 To 2
                      'for X coefficient
                      k2 = k1 * BicubicKernel(m - dx)

                      ox2 = ox1 + m

                      If ox2 < 0 Then
                          ox2 = 0
                      ElseIf ox2 > xmax Then
                          ox2 = xmax
                      End If

                      'get original pixel color
                      ' Dim origColor As Color = source.GetPixel(ox2, oy2)

                      'writablebitmap pixel is AARRGGBB
                      Dim srcColor As Integer = src.Pixels(ox2 + (srcwidth * oy2))


                      'set interpolated values
                      r += k2 * ((srcColor >> 16) And &HFF)
                      g += k2 * ((srcColor >> 8) And &HFF)
                      b += k2 * (srcColor And &HFF)
                  Next
              Next

              'after calculating coefficients we have our new color               
              dest.Pixels(x + (destWidth * y)) = &HFF000000 Or (r << 16) Or (g << 8) Or b


          Next
      Next
      dest.Invalidate()
      Dim endTime As DateTime = Now
      Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(String.Format("Time taken to squish {0}x{1} to {2}x{3} : {4} seconds", srcwidth, srcHeight, destWidth, destHeight, endTime.Subtract(startTime).TotalSeconds))

  End Sub

  Shared Function BicubicKernel(ByVal x As Double) As Double

      If x > 2.0 Then
          Return 0.0
      End If

      Dim a, b, c, d As Double
      Dim xm1 As Double = x - 1.0
      Dim xp1 As Double = x + 1.0
      Dim xp2 As Double = x + 2.0



      If xp2 <= 0 Then
          a = 0
      Else
          a = xp2 * xp2 * xp2
      End If

      If xp1 <= 0 Then
          b = 0
      Else
          b = xp1 * xp1 * xp1
      End If

      If x <= 0 Then
          c = 0
      Else
          c = x * x * x
      End If

      If xm1 <= 0 Then
          d = 0
      Else
          d = xm1 * xm1 * xm1
      End If
     
      Return (0.16666666666666666 * (a - (4.0 * b) + (6.0 * c) - (4.0 * d)))

  End Function

There's one caveat though, I didn't do any Alpha premultiplication with this code, which basically means if your images have a non FULLY opaque region, the results won't be pretty. Here's your homework assignment if you want to have that functionality.

I learnt 2 things while porting this code.

  1. Don't use Math.Pow() if your code is time sensitive, ie. it needs to work REALLY REALLY fast. Like in a game render loop. Takes a bit longer to run math.pow(x,3) instead of x*x*x. Not saying you shouldn't use it, just don't use it when MILISECONDS matter.
  2. Visual Basic's IIF statement isn't good for performance as well since BOTH true and false statements seem to be evaluated and does execution time is wasted when execution time matters. Better to use the usual IF..ELSE..ENDIF construct.

After my little exercise in dabbling with this, THEN I find a WriteBitmapEx library which pretty much seems to be a very useful class for raw manipulation of images in Silverlight, check it out!

Friday, March 19, 2010 12:24:20 AM (Malay Peninsula Standard Time, UTC+08:00)  #    Comments [0]  | 
# Sunday, March 14, 2010

Now that I've made my mobile hotspot belt, and then having everyone say... it's a terrorist's suicide belt. My aim was now to make the thing NOT look like I want to blow myself up with it. So again I head down to Daiso to see what kind of weird shit I can find and use.

Why do I love going to Daiso? Because for a crazy person like me, it's a supermarket filled with things I can use for my ideas and all going for a single price of RM5 so I don't have to think too much about how expensive the item I'm cutting up. And also, when I buy something I can think of it's FUNCTION and not of it's PRICE. So.. from today's shopping.

First of is a open ended measuring tape on belt carrying case.

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Which I turn into my mobile router carrying case

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COMPLETE with easy access holes for the power and USB ports.

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A closed version of the measuring tape carrying case.

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Is used to house the smaller 6V battery.

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An old MiniDisc belt case.

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Due to it's stretchable nature, can be used to carry the bigger 6V SLAB.

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This is what the belt now looks like when multiple components are attached to it.

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More like some dumb ass wearing way too much on his belt, less like some house made explosives. Some wiring is still exposed but most people wouldn't notice it unless they stare at it for too long.

The back of the belt where the power wires run along is covered by some felt and held in place with some velcro strips.

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So, less exposed wiring means less people freaking out. :P While the belt works and looks proper now, I found a problem with the construction. The power jack that connects to the mobile router is too loose, it's easily jostled and causes the router to loose power long enough to cause a reset. I'll need to way  of securing the power plug to the mobile router if I want to use it this way.

Then I took a quick look back at my little insect cage layout.

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And I realized that it's actually a pretty good configuration. First of all, as the components are more or less secured in the cage, they don't jostle around that much and thus the power jack stays put. The reason the router stays put is because of this.

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The USB modem almost touches the edge of the cage, so it acts as a support and stops the router from slipping around in the cage.

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While the larger 6V battery does slip around if there's too much movement, it's cushioned from the router by the strap securing the router. Unfortunately during my latest testing I noticed that when the router get's uncomfortably hot, heat is transferred to the top of the battery. Not very cool since there's a "Do not overheat above 60 degrees Celsius"  warning on the battery. Must see if I can do anything about that.

The cage design also allows for me to reach the power switch to turn the whole system on or off.

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I guess I should stop trying so hard to make a wearable mobile router solution, and work more on how to make a proper transportation case for the whole setup so I can just throw it into a bag. :P

Sunday, March 14, 2010 7:52:38 PM (Malay Peninsula Standard Time, UTC+08:00)  #    Comments [0]  | 
# Saturday, March 13, 2010

Today I went to pick up some parts to complete my Mobile Hotspot Project, first of all I decided to get a smaller sized battery since the one I had original, is big and bulky. So I wanted to get something that's smaller and easier to carry around.

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So I got this, 6V 1.2AH battery. My first surprise was that while the battery capacity was about 1/4 of the big battery, it costs TWICE as much! While I was soldering the connection wire I learnt something new. I should solder the connector first, before soldering the wires to the battery. Because I soldered the wires to the battery first while I was soldering the connector... I shorted the connection with my soldering iron, sparks flew! Good lesson...

So after the smaller battery was completed and tested to be working I created the other component which I wanted to make.

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A 4AA battery holder, with normal alkaline batteries these would theoretically give out 6V of power which should be more than enough to power the router. I measured the current with a multimeter and got a nice reading of 6.6V, So I went ahead and plugged it to the router. And I was happily surfing the net with AA batteries.... for about 10 minutes. Then the router started flickering on and off, a good indication of low power scenario. I unplugged the batteries and measured the power output and I got... 5.5V!?!?!?

I figured it's because that when an alkaline battery is used out the voltage gradually decreases on a slope. Unlike a rechargeable battery which is at the same voltage for most of it's usable lifespan and then drops. I guess the way is to introduce more power into the loop.

Luckily I was prepared for this scenario. While I was thinking of using AA batteries to power the setup, I was planning to use rechargeable batteries. But.. a rechargeable AA battery only has a voltage capacity of 1.25V, 4x1.25V = 5V. Cutting it a bit close so I thought of an idea, which is to make a power booster to bump up the voltage.

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This battery case will be linked in series to the power source it's connected to, boosting the voltage of whatever it's connected to by 3V. Once I plugged this in I can again power the router... for a while, once again I could see a very drastic drop of power in the alkalines once hooked up to the router. It's obvious that alkalines aren't the best source of power to be used in this scenario.

I then decided to work on a power switch so I can turn power on and off when I wanted to without having to disconnect the power source to the component.

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You might have noticed that each piece is more or less interchangable. This allows me to have some form of extendable system, for example I can have the router powered by 4AA batteries, as well as controlled by the power switch.

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Then if needed to, I can plug in the booster pack.

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Depending on the situation, I can plug in an extension wire, and then the lightweight 6V battery.

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The reason I needed this extensibility was because I had a crazy idea, and it involves this thing.

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A belt strap... cause I want to try and do this.

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Hook everything up to it and really carry it around in a portable manner, the problem of course is that if people saw a SLAB strapped to someone, they probably would think that I'm a suicide bomber or something!

Anyone have a good idea to make a belt like this look less like a suicide belt?

Saturday, March 13, 2010 9:51:42 PM (Malay Peninsula Standard Time, UTC+08:00)  #    Comments [0]  | 
# Friday, March 12, 2010

There are times when I wish I had more training and understanding about how to build electronic hacks. Especially at times when it involves AC current.

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Here I've taken an AC/DC adapter, replaced it's head with a composite jack.

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Just so I can charge the SLAB I gotten for my portable hotspot project.

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And I don't think I chose a safe spot to do it too!

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Well, power should flow from the higher 7.5V of the adapter to recharge the lower 6V of the battery.. I THINK! The charging method matches what Adrian used in his battery extender project. But heck, I'm not sure if I done everything right!

Also, the power adapter is FICKLE!! Sometimes when I turn it on it pumps out 3.5V, sometimes.. it pumps out 7.5V.. it's weird! And... how do I know if the battery is being charged? Well... the adapter was hot for a while. And I think at charge the battery has a 6.5V rating.

Maybe I should abandon project Mobile Belt?

image

Friday, March 12, 2010 10:26:41 PM (Malay Peninsula Standard Time, UTC+08:00)  #    Comments [0]  |